Photosensitivity and the Need for Sunscreen in School-Going Children

The sun is vital for our health. It helps synthesize Vitamin D, boosts mood, and encourages outdoor play. But for school-going children, especially in India’s tropical climate, unprotected sun exposure can pose real risks, particularly in those with sensitive skin or medical conditions. Photosensitivity, a condition where the skin becomes unusually reactive to sunlight, is more common in children than many realise.

Sunscreen isn’t just a cosmetic product. For children, it is a shield against harmful UV rays, painful rashes, and long-term skin damage. It is time we reframe sunscreen as a daily health essential, not just a summer or holiday item.

Photosensitivity refers to an abnormal skin reaction to sunlight, especially to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It can present as:

In some children, even brief sun exposure—like walking to the school bus stop, can trigger these symptoms.

Photosensitivity can be inherent (genetic or skin-type related) or triggered by external factors:

Some common medications increase sun sensitivity:

Autoimmune or metabolic conditions like lupus, porphyrias, and xeroderma pigmentosum can make children extremely sun-sensitive and require strict sun protection.

Pollution, pollen, and sweat can aggravate photosensitive reactions, especially when children are outdoors for long hours.

Children’s skin is thinner and more sensitive than adult skin. A sunburn in childhood not only causes immediate discomfort but also increases the risk of long-term skin damage.

Repeated unprotected sun exposure in childhood can lead to:

Children are meant to play and explore. Sunscreen ensures that they can safely enjoy outdoor sports, physical education, and travel without fearing skin damage.

Not all sunscreens are safe for school-going children. Here’s what to look for:

Choose sunscreens labeled “Broad-Spectrum”, which protect against both UVA and UVB rays.

SPF 30 is sufficient for daily school use. SPF 50 may be preferred for extremely sun-sensitive kids or those outdoors for extended periods.

Opt for mineral-based sunscreens containing:

Avoid sunscreens with perfumes, alcohol, or preservatives like parabens. These can trigger rashes or allergies in young, sensitive skin.

Ideal for kids who sweat, play sports, or are exposed to water. However, water resistance does not mean waterproof reapplication is still needed.

Give it time to bind to the skin before stepping out.

For school-going children, use:

Ears, back of the neck, hands, and the top of the feet are commonly forgotten but equally vulnerable.

Especially if sweating or washing the face. For most school days, one morning application may be enough if the child is indoors thereafter.

Yes, when used appropriately, sunscreen is safe and strongly recommended by dermatologists and pediatric associations.

Avoid sunscreen in infants under 6 months, as their skin is extremely sensitive. Instead, rely on protective clothing, hats, and shade.

If your child experiences:

Just like brushing teeth or wearing clean clothes, applying sunscreen should be part of a child’s daily hygiene routine, especially in a sun-rich country like India. Early sun protection not only prevents burns and discomfort today but lays the foundation for lifelong skin health.

Let’s teach our children to embrace the outdoors with confidence and care, starting with a small but powerful habit: sunscreen every day.